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第4回COE(自己組織系物理)セミナー [通算第4回]

MECHANICS OF MOTOR PROTEINS
日 時 2003年12月5日(金)4−6pm
場 所 早稲田大学理工学部大久保キャンパス51号館3階第二会議室 [地図]
講 師 Dr. Jonathon Howard 氏 
(Max Planck Institute for Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics)
要 旨 Motor proteins are molecular machines that convert the chemical energy derived from the hydrolysis of ATP into mechanical work used to power cellular motility. In addition to driving movement in specialized motile cells like muscle fibers, motor proteins are found in all eukaryotic cells where they transport organelles such as vesicles, mitochondria and chromosomes from one part of the cell to another. The focus of this seminar is on how motor proteins work. How do they move? How much fuel do they consume, and with what efficiency? How do chemical reactions generate force? What is the role of thermal fluctuations? These questions are especially fascinating because motor proteins are unusual machines that do what no manmade machines do: they convert chemical energy to mechanical energy directly, rather than via an intermediate such as heat or electrical energy. Tremendous insight into this chemomechanical energy transduction process has come from technical developments over the last ten years that allow single protein molecules to be detected and manipulated. The goal of this review is to provide a framework within which to understand these new observations: how do mechanical, thermal, and chemical forces converge as a molecular motor moves along its filamentous track. For background, the reader is directed to Molecular Biology of the Cell (Alberts et al., 2002) for an introduction to the biology of cells and molecules, to Cell Movements (Bray, 2000) for a broad review of cell motility, and to Mechanics of Motor Proteins and the Cytoplasm (Howard, 2001) for more detailed discussion of the mechanics of molecular motors and the cytoskeleton.
紹介教員 石渡信一
WASEDA UNIVERSITY